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International Baccalaureate: EE Prep

This guide was originally created by Dana Hettich.

What sources are APPROPRIATE for your topic?

Before moving forward in your research, ask yourself these questions:

  • What VOICES should be included in my research?
    • Focus less on the number of required sources than making sure multiple points of view are included. 
  • Should I look for only scholarly or peer reviewed sources, or would popular sources also be appropriate for my topic?
    • If you need more information about scholarly or peer-reviewed sources, read below. 
  • Should I look for journal sources, book sources, or other types of sources?
    • If you need more information about the difference between journal and book sources, read below. 
  • When and how would it be appropriate to use encyclopedia or dictionary sources, like Wikipedia?
    • Often these sources are appropriate for background research or identifying further reading in their references. However, these types of sources are not usually appropriate as a foundation for research. 
  • Where will the most appropriate sources be found?
    • Librarians and teachers can help you narrow down your many, many choices. 

What is a Scholarly (Refereed) Resource?

  • contain articles written for professionals in a field.
  • use technical language
  • are often long 
  • can contain charts, graphs, and bibliography.
  • includes things like journals, reports, government documents, and conference presentations
     
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Peer Review!

 

 

 

Peer Review

The process by which an academic journal passes a paper submitted for publication to independent experts for comments on its suitability and worth; refereeing. (source: Oxford English Dictionary)

How to Read a Scholarly Article

Click the image

 

What is a Journal?

  • mode of publication
  • usually centered around a subject/discipline
  • released predictably though out the year (e.g. quarterly)
  • frequently assembled by non-profit or professional organizations (e.g. the American Medical Association, Oxford University Press,  Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action )

Its organization and management looks very much like how media companies and content creators develop and release shows.  So you could think about Journals this way. 

Journal "Television" Example
Article Scene Buffy fights Glory
Journal Issue Episode The Gift
Journal Show Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Database Channel (Producer) WB (Mutant Enemy Productions)
Provider Streaming Service HULU

What is a Book?

  • mode of publication
  • usually centered around a single subject/story
  • released when the writing/editing is finally finished (aaaaand when the publisher thinks it would sell best)
  • can be assembled by traditional publishing houses, non-profits, professional organizations, and your Tante Yvonne if she is self-publishing on Amazon. 

Its organization, management, and structure look very much like how writers, production companies, and directors manage a movie.  So you could think about it like this.

Book Example Movie Example
Book Chapter Bear and Bone Scene Thanos kills Loki
Book (Title in Series*) The Wastelands Title Infinity Wars
Book (Series Name) The Dark Tower Series Avengers
Database Penguin Group Channel (Producer) Marvel Studios/Disney**
Provider Project Gutenberg Streaming Service Disney +

Things to Note

**There can frequently be overlap between who is producing and who is providing.  So Disney essentially made and provided access to Infinity Wars.  Amazon and Netfilx have done the same with both long length and short length media.  This can also happen in the print world.  Cambridge University Press supports the publication of Bilingualism: Language and Cognition  but controls the access so you can only get it by purchasing access to the individual title or by proprietary collections.  You will not see it in Academic OneFile. 

*Not every book is part of series nor is every movie.  But knowing the information about the series can help you find the individual titles. 

(Also, not every show is dropped episodically.  Some are dropped all at once.  This begs the question, are they truly "shows" in the traditional sense or simply movies with planned potty breaks?  But that is a discussion for a different day.)