References appear in an alphabetical list at the end of the paper and provide the information necessary for the reader to identify and retrieve each work cited in the text. For more information, consult the references guidelines.
There are four elements in references:
For more information, consult the elements of reference list entries guidelines.
One Author
Derby, C. D.
Two Authors
Aggio, J. F., & Kamio, M.
Three to Twenty Authors
Jonhson, P. M., Nusnbaum, M., & Sheybani, A.
More Than Twenty Authors
Nusnbaum, M., Aggio, J. F., Derby, C. D., Kicklighter, C. E., Shabani, S., Johnson, P. M., Carefoot, T. H., Pennings, S. C., Danko, J. P., Kamio, M., Nguyen, L., Grimes, T. V., Hutchins, M. H., van Dam, R., Schmidt, M., Paul, V. J., Sheybani, A., Caprio, J., Yaldiz, S., . . . Steinberg, P. D.
Group Author
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Name Variants
Journal Article Template
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy
Friedman, N. D., Temkin, E., & Carmeli, Y. (2016). Negative impact of antibiotic resistance. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 22(5), 416-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.12.002
Richardson, L. A. (2017). Understanding and overcoming antibiotic resistance. PLoS Biology, 15(8), Article e2003775. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2003775
Online Magazine Template
Author, A. A. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Magazine. URL
Kimmer, K. (2019, May 23). How bacteria become drug-resistant while exposed to antibiotics. The Scientist. https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/how-bacteria-become-drug-resistant-while-exposed-to-antibiotics-65929
National Institutes of Health. (2018, January 25). End of antibiotics? NIH MedlinePlus Magazine. https://magazine.medlineplus.gov/article/the-end-of-antibiotics
Consult the resources below for more information about reference entries.
Reference list contains all of the works cited in the text.
Order the entries in the reference list as follows:
Applegate, J. T.
Applegate, J. T., & Swanson, E. K.
Chapple, D. G. (2018).
Chapple, D. G. (2020a). Distribution of
Chapple, D. G. (2020b). Effects of
Thorton, R. W.
Format the reference list as follows:
For more information, consult the creating a reference list guide.
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